The Engraved Lines on Antique bronze sculpture

Large number of Shang bronzes, with "extensive" one to describe the breadth of its use, but also the points. Related to the use of the Shang dynasty bronzes social life, especially the ruling class, the aristocracy in many areas of life. fter the Warring States Period, it was called bronze sculpture. By Shang bronzes unearthed for the existing composition and microstructure analysis, tin bronze accounted for the vast majority of the Shang Dynasty bronze, and the Shang Dynasty bronze is more widely used. However, we should see, "broad" has a certain relative, the use of bronze there is a certain limited range, which have a correct definition. However, a large number of lead used in the Shang society and nobility in the ruling class in a certain amount of harm is an indisputable fact, we have to discuss only a matter of degree - in the end lead to the decline of the use of the Shang to have much the impact. It seems from the above, the use of bronze sculpture lead in bronze should not cause too much impact.
Lead is a poison more affinity into the body after the body adversely affect multiple systems. Lead toxicity lasting half-life of 10 years, and are not easily eliminated from the body, so the body content of lead in the environment five times, and there is no lower limit of lead contamination, lead contamination has any degree of adverse effects to human health . Intestinal absorption of lead absorbed way, respiratory absorption, dermal absorption (the amount of lead absorbed through the skin very little). The most original bronze statue was made of rattan and leather. In vivo distribution of lead in blood, soft tissue and bone. Lead poisoning effects on the body is a multi-organ, multi-system, systemic, and clinical manifestations of complex, and the lack of specificity. Most vulnerable to lead in the nervous system damage.
Lead can visualize the intelligence, visual motor function, memory, impaired reaction time, language and spatial abstraction, feeling and behavior functional changes, fatigue, insomnia, irritability, headache, hyperactivity and other symptoms. Lead inhibits heme synthesis and iron, zinc, calcium antagonist, induced anemia, and increased with the degree of lead poisoning and worse. Lead can act directly on smooth muscle, inhibit its own motion, and it increased tension caused by abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, indigestion and other functional gastrointestinal disorders. Until the Shang dynasty began with the chinese bronze. Long-term exposure can cause children and adults with chronic nephritis, advanced renal failure. Lead with reproductive toxicity, embryo toxicity and teratogenicity. Effects of lead on human reproductive function and dose-related, recently reported that blood has been letterpress printing 25 ~ 40μg/dl can affect male reproductive function, sperm abnormalities.
 Lead can be combined with antibodies, increased lead levels in drinking water to reduce the circulating antibodies. Most lead in the body caused by bone deposition and bone metabolism and osteoporosis. Different forms of lead and mode of action of lead on the human body directly affects the degree of harm. This kind of china bronze was mainly concentrated in Yin Ruins (Henan Anyang), the capital of Shang Dynasty. In other words, the use of lead objects and use is essential. At this point, the Roman people in the use of lead is different from the Yin people. 1980s British "Times" published an article that the Western Roman Empire was due to "poisoning" and the decline of. Rome is the city's water supply pipes made of lead, over time, lead gradually corroded, this long-term use of lead pipes so the Romans mental decline.